Humanized: in humanized Abs, only the hypervariable regions of the light and heavy chains are murine this results in molecules that are approximately 95% human, decreasing the apparition of ADAs. These mAbs are identified with names ending in -ximab (e.g., rituximab, infliximab) they exhibit an extended half-life in humans and show reduced immunogenicity, but the propensity to induce ADAs is still considerable. They utilize the murine antigen-specific variable region, but the remaining heavy and light chains are human, resulting in mAbs that are approximately 65% human and 35% murine. Hybrid mouse/rat antibodies are denoted by the syllable -axo- (e.g., catumaxomab).Ĭhimeric: attempting to overcome the inherent immunogenicity and reduced effector function of murine mAbs in human and chimeric mouse–human Abs were developed.
They are often associated with allergic reactions and the induction of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs). All these mAbs are identified with a name that ends in -omab (e.g., muromonab-CD3, capromab). This type of mAb emerges from a collection of B lymphocytes from the spleen of a mouse, which are then fused with an immortal myeloma cell line. Murine: this was the first mAb discovered and reproduced. According to their origin and the dictation of the WHO, there are four types of mAbs: murine, chimeric, humanized, and human ( Figure 1B).
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